Sudden cardiac arrest due to ventricular arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Introduction: Sudden cardiac death has not decreased in the same way as mortality due to coronary heart disease, because of the high incidence of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA). Obiectives: To determine predictive factors of SCA due to ventricular arrhythmia in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Method: An analytical study was carried out in the Cardiology Department of Las Tunas between 2011 and 2017 The population of study was 917 patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction. All 90 patients with SCA in ventricular arrhythmia represented the "case group"; the rest were the "control group". Descriptive statistics were used, as well as a multiple logistic regression model; the odds ratios (OR) was calculated, with 95% reliability to determine the predictive factors. Results: In the patients of the case group predominated: male sex (73%), biventricular infarction (24.7%), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) <35% (18.9%) and deceased (41.1%); all these results compared to the control group. A 10.0% was given beta-blockers on their first medical assistance. Cardiogenic shock (OR 15.3), LVEF <35% (OR 8.51), creatine kinase >1200 IU (OR 2.77), obesity (OR 3.16), smoking (OR 2.28), ST-segment elevation/depression on the electrocardiogram >15 mm (OR 2.23) and anterior wall infarction (OR 2.39) were associated with SCA due to ventricular arrhythmia. Conclusions: Cardiogenic shock, LVEF <355 creatine kinase > 1200 IU, obesity, smoking, ST-segment elevation/depression on the electrocardiogram >15 mm and anterior wall infarction were predictive factors of SCA due to ventricular arrhythmia.