Characterization of primary t-cell lymphoma (CD3+) in Csf of a dog: case report

A primary lymphoma in the central nervous system in a 10 year-old Labrador Retriever presenting seizures, hind limb incoordination, head tilt, ataxia and decreased sensitivity on the left side was reported. Regarding postural reactions, there were changes in the left side such as proprioceptive and tactile positioning defects, and in the posterior reaction tests such as wheelbarrowing and limb hopping, along with a reduction in the extensor postural thrust reaction and hemi-walking response. A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed a predominance of atypical lymphocytes characterized by pleocytosis, marked anisocytosis and anisokaryosis, evident nucleoli and anisonucleosis, cytoplasmic basophilia and microvacuolation, atypical mitotic figures and lymphoglandular bodies. These findings were compatible with lymphoma, which was confirmed by histopathology and immunocytochemistry that showed a T-cell origin, with CD3 + and CD79- expression. A computed tomography scan was inconclusive and showed several hypodense areas and a contrast enhancement in the sulci and gyri region of the brain parenchyma. The CSF analysis was essential for a quicker definitive diagnosis, indicating the nature of this rare primary injury.