Hybrid Malware Classification Method Using Segmentation-Based Fractal Texture Analysis and Deep Convolution Neural Network Features

被引:81
作者
Nisa, Maryam [1 ]
Shah, Jamal Hussain [1 ]
Kanwal, Shansa [1 ]
Raza, Mudassar [1 ]
Khan, Muhammad Attique [2 ]
Damasevicius, Robertas [3 ]
Blazauskas, Tomas [3 ]
机构
[1] COMSATS Univ Islamabad, Dept Comp Sci, Wah Campus, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan
[2] HITEC Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Taxila 47080, Pakistan
[3] Kaunas Univ Technol, Dept Software Engn, LT-51368 Kaunas, Lithuania
来源
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL | 2020年 / 10卷 / 14期
关键词
malware; malicious code; convolutional neural network; deep features; feature fusion; transfer learning; image augmentation; ANDROID MALWARE; VISUALIZATION; RECOGNITION; SYSTEM;
D O I
10.3390/app10144966
中图分类号
O6 [化学];
学科分类号
0703 ;
摘要
As the number of internet users increases so does the number of malicious attacks using malware. The detection of malicious code is becoming critical, and the existing approaches need to be improved. Here, we propose a feature fusion method to combine the features extracted from pre-trained AlexNet and Inception-v3 deep neural networks with features attained using segmentation-based fractal texture analysis (SFTA) of images representing the malware code. In this work, we use distinctive pre-trained models (AlexNet and Inception-V3) for feature extraction. The purpose of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction from two models is to improve the malware classifier accuracy, because both models have characteristics and qualities to extract different features. This technique produces a fusion of features to build a multimodal representation of malicious code that can be used to classify the grayscale images, separating the malware into 25 malware classes. The features that are extracted from malware images are then classified using different variants of support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), decision tree (DT), and other classifiers. To improve the classification results, we also adopted data augmentation based on affine image transforms. The presented method is evaluated on a Malimg malware image dataset, achieving an accuracy of 99.3%, which makes it the best among the competing approaches.
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页数:23
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