The Level and Nature of Autistic Intelligence III: Inspection Time

被引：55
作者：
Barbeau, Elise B. [1 ,2 ]
Soulieres, Isabelle [1 ,3 ]
Dawson, Michelle
Zeffiro, Thomas A. [4 ]
Mottron, Laurent [1 ,2 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Montreal, Fernand Seguin Res Ctr, CET EDUM, Montreal, PQ, Canada
[2] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychiat, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada
[3] Univ Montreal, Dept Psychol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada
[4] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Neural Syst Grp, Boston, MA 02114 USA
来源：
JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY | 2013年 / 122卷 / 01期
关键词：
autism; Asperger syndrome; perception; processing speed; Raven Progressive Matrices; CHILDREN; SPEED; SPECTRUM; ABILITIES; DISORDER; SAVANT; IQ;
D O I：
10.1037/a0029984
中图分类号：
B849 [应用心理学];
学科分类号：
040203 ;
摘要：
Across the autism spectrum, level of intelligence is highly dependent on the psychometric instrument used for assessment, and there are conflicting views concerning which measures best estimate autistic cognitive abilities. Inspection time is a processing speed measure associated with general intelligence in typical individuals. We therefore investigated autism spectrum performance on inspection time in relation to two different general intelligence tests. Autism spectrum individuals were divided into autistic and Asperger subgroups according to speech development history. Compared to a typical control group, mean inspection time for the autistic subgroup but not the Asperger subgroup was significantly shorter (by 31%). However, the shorter mean autistic inspection time was evident only when groups were matched on Wechsler IQ and disappeared when they were matched using Raven's Progressive Matrices. When autism spectrum abilities are compared to typical abilities, results may be influenced by speech development history as well as by the instrument used for intelligence matching.
引用
收藏
页码：295 / 301
页数：7
相关论文
共 45 条
[1]   A specific calculating ability [J].
Anderson, M ;
O'Connor, N ;
Hermelin, B .
INTELLIGENCE, 1998, 26 (04) :383-403
[2]  
[Anonymous], NLME LINEAR NONLINEA
[3]  
Asperger H., 1991, AUTISM ASPERGER SYND, P37, DOI [DOI 10.1017/CBO9780511526770.002, 10.1017/CBO9780511526770.002]
[4]   COMPARATIVE STUDY OF INFANTILE AUTISM AND SPECIFIC DEVELOPMENTAL RECEPTIVE LANGUAGE DISORDER .1. CHILDREN [J].
BARTAK, L ;
RUTTER, M ;
COX, A .
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY, 1975, 126 (FEB) :127-145
[5]   Brief Report: The Level and Nature of Autistic Intelligence Revisited [J].
Boelte, Sven ;
Dziobek, Isabel ;
Poustka, Fritz .
JOURNAL OF AUTISM AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS, 2009, 39 (04) :678-682
[6]   Cognitive mechanisms, specificity and neural underpinnings of visuospatial peaks in autism [J].
Caron, M. -J. ;
Mottron, L. ;
Berthiaume, C. ;
Dawson, M. .
BRAIN, 2006, 129 :1789-1802
[7]   WHAT ONE INTELLIGENCE-TEST MEASURES - A THEORETICAL ACCOUNT OF THE PROCESSING IN THE RAVEN PROGRESSIVE MATRICES TEST [J].
CARPENTER, PA ;
JUST, MA ;
SHELL, P .
PSYCHOLOGICAL REVIEW, 1990, 97 (03) :404-431
[8]   IQ in children with autism spectrum disorders: data from the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP) [J].
Charman, T. ;
Pickles, A. ;
Simonoff, E. ;
Chandler, S. ;
Loucas, T. ;
Baird, G. .
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE, 2011, 41 (03) :619-627
[9]   The level and nature of autistic intelligence [J].
Dawson, Michelle ;
Soulieres, Isabelle ;
Gernsbacher, Morton Ann ;
Mottron, Laurent .
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE, 2007, 18 (08) :657-662
[10]   The functional anatomu of inspection time: an eventt-related fMRI study [J].
Deary, IJ ;
Simonotto, E ;
Meyer, M ;
Marshall, A ;
Marshall, I ;
Goddard, N ;
Wardlaw, JM .
NEUROIMAGE, 2004, 22 (04) :1466-1479
12345