Risk Factors for COVID-19 Infection Among Healthcare Workers. A First Report From a Living Systematic Review and meta-Analysis

被引:29
作者
Dzinamarira, Tafadzwa [1 ,2 ]
Nkambule, Sphamandla Josias [3 ]
Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni [3 ]
Mhango, Malizgani [4 ]
Iradukunda, Patrick Gad [5 ]
Chitungo, Itai [6 ]
Dzobo, Mathias [1 ]
Mapingure, Munyaradzi Paul [2 ]
Chingombe, Innocent [2 ]
Mashora, Moreblessing [7 ]
Madziva, Roda [8 ]
Herrera, Helena [9 ]
Makanda, Pelagia [10 ]
Atwine, James [10 ]
Mbunge, Elliot [11 ]
Musuka, Godfrey [2 ]
Murewanhema, Grant [6 ]
Ngara, Bernard [6 ]
机构
[1] Univ Pretoria, Sch Hlth Syst & Publ Hlth, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa
[2] Columbia Univ, ICAP, Harare, Zimbabwe
[3] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Nursing & Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth Med, ZA-4001 Durban, South Africa
[4] Univ Western Cape, Sch Publ Hlth, ZA-7535 Cape Town, South Africa
[5] Univ London, London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England
[6] Univ Zimbabwe, Coll Med & Hlth Sci, Fac Med, Harare, Zimbabwe
[7] Mt Kenya Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Kigali, Rwanda
[8] Univ Nottingham, Sch Sociol & Social Policy, Nottingham, England
[9] Univ Portsmouth, Sch Pharm & Biomed Sci, Portsmouth, England
[10] Jinzhou Med Univ, Dept Med, Jinzhou 121001, Peoples R China
[11] Durban Univ Technol, Fac Accounting & Informat, Dept Informat Technol, POB 1334, ZA-4000 Durban, South Africa
关键词
COVID-19; healthcare worker; risk factor; SARS-CoV-2; systematic review; SARS-COV-2; INDIA;
D O I
10.1016/j.shaw.2022.04.001
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Health care workers (HCWs) are more than ten times more likely to be infected with coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) than the general population, thus demonstrating the burden of COVID-19 among HCWs. Factors that expose HCWs to a differentially high-risk of COVID-19 acquisition are important to elucidate, enable appropriate public health interventions to mitigate against high risk and reduce adverse outcomes from the infection. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and critically analyze the existing evidence on SARS-CoV-2 risk factors among HCWs. With no geographical limitation, we included studies, in any country, that reported (i) the PCR laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 as an independent variable (ii) one or more COVID-19 risk factors among HCWs with risk estimates (relative risk, odds ratio, or hazard ratio) (iii) original, quantitative study design, and published in English or Mandarian. Our initial search resulted in 470 articles overall, however, only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria for this review. Out of the 10 studies included in the review, inadequate/lack of protective personal equipment, performing tracheal intubation, and gender were the most common risk factors of COVID-19. Based on the random effects adjusted pooled relative risk, HCWs who reported the use of protective personal equipment were 29% (95% CI: 16% to 41%) less likely to test positive for COVID-19. The study also revealed that HCWs who performed tracheal intubations were 34% (95% CI: 14% to 57%) more likely to test positive for COVID-19. Interestingly, this study showed that female HCWs are at 11% higher risk (RR 1.11 95% CI 1.01-1.21) of COVID-19 than their male counterparts. This article presents initial findings from a living systematic review and meta-analysis, therefore, did not yield many studies; however, it revealed a significant insight into better understanding COVID-19 risk factors among HCWs; insights important for devising preventive strategies that protect them from this infection. (C) 2022 Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute, Published by Elsevier Korea LLC.
引用
收藏
页码:263 / 268
页数:6
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