Human impact erodes chimpanzee behavioral diversity

被引：108

作者：

Kuehl, Hjalmar S. ^{[1
]}

Boesch, Christophe ^{[1
,3
]}

Kulik, Lars ^{[1
]}

Haas, Fabian ^{[1
]}

Arandjelovic, Mimi ^{[1
]}

Dieguez, Paula ^{[1
]}

Bocksberger, Gaelle ^{[1
]}

McElreath, Mary Brooke ^{[1
]}

Agbor, Anthony ^{[1
]}

Angedakin, Samuel ^{[1
]}

Ayimisin, Emmanuel Ayuk ^{[1
]}

Bailey, Emma ^{[1
]}

Barubiyo, Donatienne ^{[1
]}

Bessone, Mattia ^{[1
]}

Brazzola, Gregory ^{[1
]}

Chancellor, Rebecca ^{[4
,5
]}

Cohen, Heather ^{[1
]}

Coupland, Charlotte ^{[1
]}

Danquah, Emmanuel ^{[6
]}

Deschner, Tobias ^{[1
]}

Dowd, Dervla ^{[3
]}

Dunn, Andrew ^{[8
]}

Egbe, Villard Ebot ^{[1
]}

Eshuis, Henk ^{[1
]}

Goedmakers, Annemarie ^{[9
]}

Granjon, Anne-Celine ^{[1
]}

Head, Josephine ^{[1
]}

Hedwig, Daniela ^{[10
,11
]}

Hermans, Veerle ^{[12
]}

Imong, Inaoyom ^{[8
]}

Jeffery, Kathryn J. ^{[13
,14
,15
]}

Jones, Sorrel ^{[1
,16
,17
]}

Junker, Jessica ^{[1
]}

Kadam, Parag ^{[18
]}

Kambere, Mbangi ^{[1
]}

Kambi, Mohamed ^{[1
]}

Kienast, Ivonne ^{[1
]}

Kujirakwinja, Deo ^{[8
]}

Langergraber, Kevin E. ^{[19
,20
]}

Lapuente, Juan ^{[1
]}

Larson, Bradley ^{[1
]}

Lee, Kevin ^{[1
,19
,20
]}

Leinert, Vera ^{[3
]}

Llana, Manuel ^{[21
]}

Maretti, Giovanna ^{[1
]}

Marrocoli, Sergio ^{[1
]}

Martin, Rumen ^{[1
]}

Mbi, Tanyi Julius ^{[1
]}

Meier, Amelia C. ^{[1
]}

Morgan, Bethan ^{[22
,23
]}

机构：

[1] Max Planck Inst Evolutionary Anthropol, Deutsch Pl 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[2] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Halle Leipzig Jena, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[3] Wild Chimpanzee Fdn, Deutsch Pl 6, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany

[4] West Chester Univ, Dept Anthropol & Sociol, W Chester, PA 19382 USA

[5] West Chester Univ, Dept Psychol, W Chester, PA 19382 USA

[6] Kwame Nkrumah Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Renewable Nat Resources, Dept Wildlife & Range Management, Kumasi, Ghana

[7] Korup Natl Pk, Korup Rainforest Conservat Soc, POB 36, Mundemba, Sw Region, Cameroon

[8] Wildlife Conservat Soc, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA

[9] Chimbo Fdn, Amstel 49, NL-1011 PW Amsterdam, Netherlands

[10] Aspinall Fdn, Port Lympne Wild Anim Pk, Hythe, Kent, England

[11] Cornell Univ, Elephant Listening Project, Bioacoust Res Program, Cornell Lab Ornithol, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA

[12] Royal Zool Soc Antwerp, Ctr Res & Conservat, B-2018 Antwerp, Belgium

[13] Univ Stirling, Sch Nat Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland

[14] Agence Natl Parcs Nationaux, Batterie 4,BP20379, Libreville, Gabon

[15] Inst Rech Ecol Trop, Libreville, Gabon

[16] Royal Holloway Univ London, Egham Hill, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England

[17] Royal Soc Protect Birds, Potton Rd, Sandy SG19 2DL, Beds, England

[18] Univ Cambridge, Pembroke St, Cambridge CB2 3QG, England

[19] Arizona State Univ, Sch Human Evolut & Social Change, 900 Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA

[20] Arizona State Univ, Inst Human Origins, 900 Cady Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA

[21] Inst Jane Goodall Espana, Stn Biol Fouta Djallon, Dindefelo, Region De Kedou, Senegal

[22] Ebo Forest Res Project, BP3055, Yaounde, Cameroon

[23] San Diego Zoo Global, Inst Conservat Res, Escondido, CA 92025 USA

[24] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Lester E Fisher Ctr Study & Conservat Apes, Chicago, IL 60614 USA

[25] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Sch Nat Sci & Psychol, Liverpool L3 3AF, Merseyside, England

[26] Washington Univ St Louis, Dept Anthropol, One Brookings Dr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA

[27] UCL, Dept Anthropol, London WC1H 0BW, England

[28] Frankfurt Zool Soc, Bernhard Grzimek Allee 1, D-60316 Frankfurt, Germany

[29] Univ Ghent, Terr Ecol Unit, KL Ledeganckstr 35, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium

[30] Ctr Suisse Rech Sci, Tai Chimpanzee Project, BP 1301, Abidjan 01, Cote Ivoire

[31] Univ Neuchatel, Inst Biol, CH-2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland

[32] Univ St Andrews, Sch Psychol & Neurosci, St Andrews KY16 9JP, Fife, Scotland

来源：

SCIENCE | 2019年 / 363卷 / 6434期

关键词：

CULTURAL-DIFFERENCES; CONSERVATION; HYPOTHESIS;

D O I：

10.1126/science.aau4532

中图分类号：

O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];

学科分类号：

07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;

摘要：

Chimpanzees possess a large number of behavioral and cultural traits among nonhuman species. The "disturbance hypothesis" predicts that human impact depletes resources and disrupts social learning processes necessary for behavioral and cultural transmission. We used a dataset of 144 chimpanzee communities, with information on 31 behaviors, to show that chimpanzees inhabiting areas with high human impact have a mean probability of occurrence reduced by 88%, across all behaviors, compared to low-impact areas. This behavioral diversity loss was evident irrespective of the grouping or categorization of behaviors. Therefore, human impact may not only be associated with the loss of populations and genetic diversity, but also affects how animals behave. Our results support the view that "culturally significant units" should be integrated into wildlife conservation.

引用

页码：1453 / +

页数：28

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