On statistical analysis of least squares matching methods for frequency estimation of a real sinusoid

A statistical analysis of the least squares matching methods for single-tone frequency estimation is carried out in this paper. Based on asymptotic derivations, an accurate frequency variance expression is provided for different least squares matching methods with variable parameters. Two representative least squares matching methods are involved to show the validity of the variance expression, however, their performances have been proved suboptimal with current parameter settings. After wide discussion, we propose new strategies to choose parameters and achieve further improvements both in accuracy and computational efficiency. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.