Toward a UTM-based Service Orchestration for UAVs in MEC-NFV Environment

The increased use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in numerous domains, will result in high traffic densities in the low-altitude airspace. Consequently, UAVs Traffic Management (UTM) systems that allow the integration of UAVs in the low-altitude airspace are gaining a lot of momentum. Furthermore, the 5th generation of mobile networks (5G) will most likely provide the underlying support for UTM systems by providing connectivity to UAVs, enabling the control, tracking and communication with remote applications and services. However, UAVs may need to communicate with services with different communication Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, ranging form best-effort services to Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC) services. Indeed, 5G can ensure efficient Quality of Service (QoS) enhancements using new technologies, such as network slicing and Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC). In this context, Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) is considered as one of the pillars of 5G systems, by providing a QoS-aware Management and Orchestration (MANO) of softwarized services across cloud and MEC platforms. The MANO process of UAV's services can be enhanced further using the information provided by the UTM system, such as the UAVs' flight plans. In this paper, we propose an extended framework for the management and orchestration of UAVs' services in MEC-NFV environment by combining the functionalities provided by the MEC-NFV management and orchestration framework with the functionalities of a UTM system. Moreover, we propose an Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model of the placement scheme of our framework and we evaluate its performances. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solutions in achieving its design goals.