Carrier frequency of guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency in the general population by functional characterization of missense variants in the GAMT gene

被引:14
作者
Desroches, Caro-Lyne [1 ]
Patel, Jaina [1 ]
Wang, Peixiang [1 ]
Minassian, Berge [1 ,2 ]
Marshall, Christian R. [3 ,4 ]
Salomons, Gajja S. [5 ]
Mercimek-Mahmutoglu, Saadet [1 ,4 ]
机构
[1] Hosp Sick Children, Res Inst, Genet & Genome Biol Program, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
[2] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
[3] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Paediat Lab Med, Genome Diagnost, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
[4] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Pediat, Div Clin & Metab Genet, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
[5] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Clin Chem, Metab Lab, Neurosci Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
关键词
GAMT deficiency; Site-directed mutagenesis; Missense variants; Exome Variant Server; Carrier frequency; INBORN ERROR; CREATINE; RECOMMENDATIONS; DIAGNOSIS;
D O I
10.1007/s00438-015-1067-x
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency is a neurodegenerative disease. Although no symptomatic patients on treatment achieved normal neurodevelopment, three asymptomatic newborns were reported with normal neurodevelopmental outcome on neonatal treatment. GAMT deficiency is therefore a candidate for newborn screening programs, but there are no studies for the carrier frequency of this disease in the general population. To determine carrier frequency of GAMT deficiency, we studied the variants in the GAMT gene reported in the Exome Variant Server database and performed functional characterization of missense variants. We used previously cloned GAMT transcript variant 1 (7 missense variants) and cloned a novel GAMT transcript variant 2 (5 missense variants). The latter was used in Exome Variant Server database according to recommendations of the Human Genome Variation Society. There were 4 missense variants (1 previously reported and 3 novel) with low GAMT enzyme activity indicating pathogenicity. Additionally, there was one novel frameshift and one novel nonsense variant likely pathogenic. There was no measurable GAMT enzyme activity in the wild type of GAMT transcript variant 2. We concluded that GAMT transcript variant 2 is not involved in GAMT protein synthesis. For this reason, Human Genome Variation Society should use mutation nomenclature according to the coding region of the GAMT transcript variant 1. The carrier frequency of GAMT deficiency was 0.123 % in the general population. As early diagnosis results in normal neurodevelopmental outcome, GAMT deficiency should be included in newborn screening programs to diagnose individuals at the asymptomatic stage of the disease to prevent permanent neurodevelopmental disability.
引用
收藏
页码:2163 / 2171
页数:9
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