Catechins and their oligomers linked by C4 → C8 bonds are major cacao polyphenols and protect low-density lipoprotein from oxidation in vitro

In vitro effects of catechins and their oligomers linked by C4 --> C8 bonds are major antioxidative components of chocolate and cocoa. Their effects on the susceptibility of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to oxidation were evaluated. The strength of the antioxidative activity was measured using copper ions as the radical generator as compared by weight varied in the following order: (+)-catechin > procyanidin B2 greater than or equal to (-)epicatechin greater than or equal to procyanidin C1 > cinnamtannin A2. Using 2,2'-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) (MeO-AMVN) as the radical generator, the order was (-)-epicatechin greater than or equal to procyanidin B2 greater than or equal to procyanidin C1 > (+)-catechin greater than or equal to cinnamtannin A2. It is suggested that these compounds contribute to the activity of cacao products to protect LDL from oxidation.