Aerobic exercise training is a well-established nonpharmacological tool in patients with clinically stable chronic heart failure. In recent years, beta-blocker therapy has become a primary pharmacologic intervention in patients with chronic heart failure. Despite the undeniable improvements in patients, the beta-blocker era has aroused uncertainties about aerobic exercise intensity prescription. It is well known that aerobic exercise prescription is performed by a percentage of the patient's heart rate reserve and the use of beta-blockers could interfere in this method. For this reason, the aim of this review is to provide an update about aerobic exercise prescription in patients with chronic heart failure who are using beta-blockers.
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Univ Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Monash Univ, Ctr Cardiovasc Res & Educ Therapeut, Melbourne, Vic, AustraliaUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Kotecha, Dipak
Gill, Simrat K.
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Univ Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Gill, Simrat K.
Flather, Marcus D.
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Univ East Anglia, Fac Med & Hlth Sci, Norwich Med Sch, Norwich, Norfolk, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Flather, Marcus D.
Holmes, Jane
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Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Orthopaed Rheumatol & Musculoskelet, Ctr Stat Med, Oxford, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Holmes, Jane
Packer, Milton
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Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Baylor Heart & Vasc Inst, Dallas, TX USAUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Packer, Milton
Rosano, Giuseppe
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St Georges Univ London, Cardiovasc & Cell Sci Inst, London, England
IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Dept Med Sci, Rome, ItalyUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Rosano, Giuseppe
Boehm, Michael
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Univ Klinikum Saarlandes, Kardiol Angiol & Internist Intens Med, Homburg, GermanyUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Boehm, Michael
McMurray, John J. V.
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Univ Glasgow, Robertson Inst Biostat, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland
Univ Glasgow, Clin Trials Unit, Glasgow, Lanark, ScotlandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
McMurray, John J. V.
Wikstrand, John
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Gothenburg Univ, Sahlgrenska Acad, Wallenberg Lab Cardiovasc Res, Gothenburg, SwedenUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Wikstrand, John
Anker, Stefan D.
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Charite Campus Virchow Klinikum, Dept Cardiol, Berlin, GermanyUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Anker, Stefan D.
van Veldhuisen, Dirk J.
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Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Cardiol, Rb Groningen, NetherlandsUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
van Veldhuisen, Dirk J.
Manzano, Luis
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Univ Alcala IRYCIS, Hosp Univ Ramon & Cajal, Dept Internal Med, Plaza San Diego, Madrid, SpainUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Manzano, Luis
von Lueder, Thomas G.
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Monash Univ, Ctr Cardiovasc Res & Educ Therapeut, Melbourne, Vic, Australia
Oslo Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Oslo, NorwayUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
von Lueder, Thomas G.
Rigby, Alan S.
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Univ Hull, Fac Hlth Sci, Hull York Med Sch, Kingston Upon Hull, Yorks, EnglandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Rigby, Alan S.
Andersson, Bert
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Sahlgrens Univ Hosp, Dept Cardiol, Gothenburg, Sweden
Gothenburg Univ, Gothenburg, SwedenUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Andersson, Bert
Kjekshus, John
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Univ Oslo, Rikshosp Univ Hosp, Oslo, Norway
Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, NorwayUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Kjekshus, John
Wedel, Hans
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Univ Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Acad, Hlth Metr, Gothenburg, SwedenUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Wedel, Hans
Ruschitzka, Frank
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Univ Spital Zurich, Klin Kardiol, Zurich, SwitzerlandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Ruschitzka, Frank
Cleland, John G. F.
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Univ Glasgow, Inst Cardiovasc & Med Sci, Glasgow, Lanark, ScotlandUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Cleland, John G. F.
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Damman, Kevin
Redon, Josep
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INCLIVA Biomed Res Inst, Valencia, SpainUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
Redon, Josep
Coats, Andrew J. S.
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IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Dept Med Sci, Rome, ItalyUniv Birmingham, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England
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Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, EnglandUniv Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England
Cullington, Damien
Goode, Kevin M.
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Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, EnglandUniv Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England
Goode, Kevin M.
Clark, Andrew L.
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Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, EnglandUniv Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England
Clark, Andrew L.
Cleland, John G. F.
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Univ Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, EnglandUniv Hull, Hull York Med Sch, Post Grad Med Inst, Dept Cardiol, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England