Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia

Trophoblastic neoplasms are a set of diseases that arise from a failed gestation. A molar pregnancy is an allograft of fetal tissue typically containing only paternal chromosomes that may invade the maternal tissues. Most molar pregnacies spontaneously resolve but a subset of patients will develop trophoblastic neoplasia and will require treatment. Patients with low risk disease are usually cured with single agent chemotherapy but a small number of patients develop high risk disease and require combination chemotherapy. This article reviews the current diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.