Clinical analysis of pediatric primary external auditory canal cholesteatoma

Objective: Pediatric primary external auditory canal cholesteatoma (EACC) is a rare disease. The present study aimed to explore the clinical features and prognosis of this disease. Methods: Clinical data of 41 ears with pediatric primary EACC were collected, and the clinical characteristics and prognosis were analyzed in this retrospective study. Results: A total of 35 patients (median age of 13 years) were recruited in this study. Of these, 13 suffered on the left side and 16 on the other side, while 6 suffered on the bilateral ears. A total of 35 ears had hearing loss, 26 had otalgia, 15 had otorrhea, 12 had tinnitus, and 4 had pruritus. The median course of the disease was 1 month. The bone destruction of the external auditory canal (EAC) was located on the inferior wall of 20 ears, the posterior wall of 22 ears, the superior wall of 15 ears, and the anterior wall of 15 ears. According to Shin's stages, 24 ears were in stage I, 2 in stage II, 15 in stage III. A total of 40 ears underwent transcanal cholesteatoma removal (TCR) and 1 underwent both TCR and tympanoplasty. Finally, 33 ears were followed up postoperatively, and only 1 ear presented recurrence. Conclusion: The posterior wall of the EAC is the most commonly affected wall, and the involvement of multiple walls is common. Due to the remodeling of the EAC bone in pediatric patients, the high stage lesions can be treated by minimally invasive surgical debridement combined with a close follow-up postoperatively.