Decreased bone mineral density in young adults treated with SCT in childhood: the role of 25-hydroxyvitamin D

We measured bone mineral density (BMD) with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the total body, at the lumbar spine, at the femoral neck and in the total hip, in 18 young adults with a median of 18.2 years after SCT. Fifteen patients had undergone auto-SCT and all patients had received TBI. The patients had significantly lower BMD in the total body, at the femoral neck, and in the total hip compared with age-and sex-matched controls. Six of 18 patients (33%) had low bone mass (z-score < -1) at one or more measurement sites, as opposed to two of the controls (11%, P = 0.29). We found no significant influence of growth hormone levels or of untreated hypogonadism on BMD variables. Levels of 25-hydroxy (25(OH)) vitamin D were lower among the patients (35.2 vs 48.8 nmol/L, P = 0.044) and were significantly correlated with total body BMD in the patient group (r = 0.55, P = 0.021). All six patients with low bone mass had hypovitaminosis D (<= 37 nmol/L as opposed to 4 of the 11 (36%) patients without low bone mass (P = 0.035). In conclusion, we found decreased BMD in SCT survivors, which may in part be caused by 25(OH) vitamin D deficiency. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2012) 47, 657-662; doi:10.1038/bmt.2011.147; published online 18 July 2011