Obstructive sleep apnea: personal, societal, public health, and legal implications

被引:79
作者
Morsy, Nesreen E. [2 ,3 ]
Farrag, Nesrine S. [4 ]
Zaki, Nevin F. W. [1 ,2 ]
Badawy, Ahmad Y. [3 ]
Abdelhafez, Sayed A. [3 ]
El-Gilany, Abdel-Hady [4 ]
El Shafey, Mohsen Mohammed [3 ]
Pandi-Perumal, Seithikurippu R. [5 ]
Spence, David Warren [6 ]
BaHammam, Ahmed S. [7 ,8 ]
机构
[1] Mansoura Univ, Fac Med, Dept Psychiat, Psychiat, POB 36551,Gomhoria St, Mansoura 35511, Egypt
[2] Mansoura Univ, Sleep Ctr, Mansoura, Egypt
[3] Mansoura Univ, Fac Med, Dept Pulm Med, Mansoura, Egypt
[4] Mansoura Univ, Fac Med, Publ Hlth & Prevent Med, Mansoura, Egypt
[5] Somnogen Canada Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada
[6] 652 Dufferin St, Toronto, ON, Canada
[7] King Saud Univ, Univ Sleep Disorders Ctr, Coll Med, Dept Med, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
[8] Strateg Technol Program Natl Plan Sci Technol & I, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
关键词
economic cost; legal; obstructive sleep apnea; OSA; road traffic accidents; society; POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE; MOTOR-VEHICLE CRASH; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; BED PARTNERS; GENERAL-POPULATION; TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS; CPAP TREATMENT; RISK-FACTORS;
D O I
10.1515/reveh-2018-0068
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a widely prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder, which leads to several life-threatening diseases. OSA has systemic effects on various organ systems. Untreated OSA is associated with long-term health consequences including hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, depression, metabolic disorders, and stroke. In addition, untreated OSA is reported to be associated with cognitive dysfunction, impaired productivity at the workplace and in an increased risk of motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) resulting in injury and fatality. Other consequences of OSA include, but are not limited to, impaired vigilance, daytime somnolence, performance deficits, morning headaches, mood disturbances, neurobehavioral impairments, and general malaise. Additionally, OSA has become an economic burden on most health systems all over the world. Many driving license regulations have been developed to reduce MVAs among OSA patients. Methods: Studies of the personal, societal, public health, and legal aspects of OSA are reviewed. Data were collected through the following databases: MEDLINE, Google Scholar, Scopus, SAGE Research Methods, and ScienceDirect. Conclusion: OSA leads to worsening of patient's personal relationships, decreasing work productivity, and increasing occupational accidents as well as MVAs. The costs of undiagnosed and untreated OSA to healthcare organizations are excessive. Thus, proper management of OSA will benefit not only the patient but will also provide widespread benefits to the society as a whole.
引用
收藏
页码:153 / 169
页数:17
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