Multi-objective optimization of microextraction procedures

Optimization of extraction process requires finding acceptable conditions for many analytes and good performance in terms of process time or solvent consumption. These optimization criteria are often contradictory to each other, the performance of the system in given conditions is good for some criteria but poor for others. Therefore, such problems require special assessment tools that allow to combine these contradictory criteria into single score to find "the golden mean". This contribution summarizes the examples of approaches that are used for multi-objective optimization. Derringer's desirability functions are used for large variety of microextraction techniques optimizations. Finding Pareto-optimal solutions allows to easily separate conditions that are definitely not acceptable. Alternative solution is application of multi-criteria decision analysis for microextraction processes optimization. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.