Lipid effects of a dietary supplement softgel capsule containing plant sterols/stanols in primary hypercholesterolemia

Objective: This randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed the lipid-altering efficacy of a softgel capsule dietary supplement, providing esterified plant sterols/stanols 1.8 g/d, in 28 participants ( similar to 75% women) with primary hypercholesterolemia (fasting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol [LDL-C] levels >= 130 and <220 mg/dL), a mean age of 58.4 y, and a mean body mass index of 27.9 kg/m(2). Methods: After a 5-wk National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes (TLC) diet and a single-blinded placebo lead-in, subjects received double-blinded placebo or sterol/stanol softgel capsules for 6 wk and then crossed over to the opposite product for 6 wk while continuing the TLC diet. Fasting lipids were assessed in duplicate at the end of the diet leadin (baseline) and the end of each treatment. Results: The mean baseline lipid concentrations (milligrams per deciliter) were 223 for total cholesterol (TC). 179 for non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C), 154 for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 44 for HDL-C, 125 for triacylglycerols, and 5.2 for TC/HDL-C. Differences from the control responses (plant sterol/stanol minus control) in the per-protocol sample were significant (P < 0.05) for LDL-C (-9.2%), non-HDL-C (-9.0%), TC (-7.4%), TC/HDL-C (-5.4%), and triacylglycerols (-9.1%). The HDL-C responses were not significantly different between treatments. Conclusion: The incorporation of softgel capsules providing esterified plant sterols/stanols 1.8 g/d into the NCEP TLC diet produced favorable changes in atherogenic lipoprotein cholesterol levels in these subjects with hypercholesterolemia. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.