Frizzled homolog proteins, microRNAs and Wnt signaling in cancer

被引:94
作者
Ueno, Koji [1 ,2 ]
Hirata, Hiroshi [1 ,2 ]
Hinoda, Yuji [3 ]
Dahiya, Rajvir [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA USA
[2] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
[3] Yamaguchi Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Oncol & Lab Med, Yamaguchi, Japan
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
FZD; cancer; microRNA; Wnt signaling; EPITHELIAL-MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; POTENTIAL THERAPEUTIC TARGET; SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; BETA-CATENIN PATHWAY; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PROSTATE-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; OVARIAN-CANCER; UP-REGULATION; PROMOTER-HYPERMETHYLATION;
D O I
10.1002/ijc.27746
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Wnt signaling pathways play important roles in tumorigenesis and are initiated by binding of Wnt to various receptors including frizzleds (FZDs). FZDs are one of several families of receptors comprised of FZD/LRP/ROR2/RYK in the Wnt signaling pathway. Expression of some FZD receptors are up regulated, thereby activating the Wnt signaling pathway and is correlated with cancer malignancy and patient outcomes (recurrence and survival) in many cancers. The FZD family contains ten genes in humans and their function has not been completely examined including the regulatory mechanisms of FZD genes in cancer. Knockdown of FZDs may suppress the Wnt signaling pathway resulting in decreased cell growth, invasion, motility and metastasis of cancer cells. Recently a number of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified and reported to be important in several cancers. MiRNAs regulate target gene expression at both the transcription and translation levels. The study of miRNA is a newly emerging field and promises to be helpful in understanding the pathogenesis of FZDs in cancer. In addition, miRNAs may be useful in regulating FZDs in cancer cells. Therefore, the aim of this review is to discuss current knowledge of the functional mechanisms of FZDs in cancer, including regulation by miRNAs and the potential for possible use of miRNAs and FZDs in future clinical applications.
引用
收藏
页码:1731 / 1740
页数:10
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