MULTIFACTORIAL MAPPING OF QTL FOR YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT IN WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM) IN NORMAL AND DROUGHT CONDITIONS

In order to mapping main and epistatic effects and environmental interactions of QTLs for yield and yield component in normal and water deficit conditions in wheat, A recombinant inbred lines population, comprising 148 lines derived from a cross between two winter wheat cultivars, 'YecoraRojo' and 'No. 49', was evaluated in two location in Iran (Miandoab and Mahabad) during 2014-2016. A linkage map including 177 microsatellite and 51 retrotransposon markers were used in this study. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) were determined for additive effects and additive x additive epistatic interactions using the QTL Cartographer 2.5 and QTL Network 2.0 software based on the CIM and mixed-linear method. Results showed in normal condition 3 QTL (R-A(2) = 5.0 to 9.9%), 2 QTL x environments (R-AE(2) = 5.81%), 10 additive x additive epistatic effects (R-AA(2) = 1.74 to 7.80%) and 27 QTL x QTL x environmental interactions (R-AAE(2) = 0.58 to 12.10) were significant. In water deficit conditions, 3 QTLs (R-A(2) = 5.0 to 10.94), 1 QTL x environmental interactions (R-AE(2) = 3.1%), 8 additive x additive inactions (R-AA(2) = 0.88 to 10.54%) and 20 QTL x QTL x environmental interactions (R-AAE(2) = 3.46 to 11.26) were identified. In two conditions 4 QTL funded for grain yield with R-A(2) value 5.0 to 10.96% which, 3 of them were located on A genome. Also, the largest number of QTLs for yield and yield component located on chromosome 3A which can be used these chromosomes in genetic engineering. Also, most of the repeatedly detected QTL across environments were not significant.