Long-term daily feeding of cannabidiol is well-tolerated by healthy dogs

被引:24
作者
Bradley, Sophie [1 ]
Young, Scott [1 ]
Bakke, Anne Marie [1 ]
Holcombe, Lucy [1 ]
Waller, Daniel [1 ]
Hunt, Alysia [1 ]
Pinfold, Kathleen [1 ]
Watson, Phillip [1 ]
Logan, Darren W. [1 ]
机构
[1] Waltham Petcare Sci Inst, Melton Mowbray, Melton Mowbray, England
关键词
food safety; pet food ingredients; cannabinoids; canine; dog; CBD; cannabidiol; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; CANNABINOID PROFILE; PHARMACOKINETICS; LIVER; DRUG; VALIDATION; METABOLISM; EPILEPSY; DISEASE; GROWTH;
D O I
10.3389/fvets.2022.977457
中图分类号
S85 [动物医学(兽医学)];
学科分类号
0906 ;
摘要
Cannabidiol (CBD) containing dog food and treats are widely commercially available, mirroring the growing popularity of CBD as a supplement for humans. Despite this, experimental evidence of the safety and efficacy of long-term oral exposure in dogs is lacking. The purpose of this study was to address the gap in knowledge around the longer-term suitability and tolerance of a broad-spectrum CBD (THC-free) distillate in clinically healthy dogs. The study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, and blinded study where one group of twenty dogs received daily CBD capsules at a dose of 4 mg/kg of body weight (BW) for a period of 6 months. The control group of twenty dogs received placebo capsules. A comprehensive suite of physiological health measures was performed throughout the study at baseline, and after 2, 4, 10, 18, and 26 weeks of exposure, followed by 4 weeks of washout. CBD concentrations were measured at the same cadence in plasma, feces and urine. Health measures included biochemistry, hematology, urinalysis, in addition to fortnightly veterinary examinations, twice daily well-being observations, and a daily quality-of-life survey. Biochemistry and hematology showed no clinically significant alterations apart from a transient elevation in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in just over half of the dogs receiving CBD. This elevation was observed in the absence of concurrent elevations of other liver parameters, and without any adverse effects on health and wellbeing. Furthermore, bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) was simultaneously elevated with a significant, strong (r > 0.9) positive correlation between the two measures, suggesting that the elevation of total ALP was at least partly due to the bone-derived isoform. This study provides evidence that a once-daily oral dose of 4 mg CBD/kg BW is well tolerated in clinically healthy dogs for a duration of 6-months.
引用
收藏
页数:15
相关论文
共 61 条
[1]   Evolution of the Cannabinoid and Terpene Content during the Growth of Cannabis sativa Plants from Different Chemotypes [J].
Aizpurua-Olaizola, Oier ;
Soydaner, Umut ;
Oeztuerk, Ekin ;
Schibano, Daniele ;
Simsir, Yilmaz ;
Navarro, Patricia ;
Etxebarria, Nestor ;
Usobiaga, Aresatz .
JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS, 2016, 79 (02) :324-331
[2]   A comparison of two techniques for the determination of serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase activity in dogs [J].
Allen, LCV ;
Allen, MJ ;
Breur, GJ ;
Hoffmann, WE ;
Richardson, DC .
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE, 2000, 68 (03) :231-235
[3]  
Alsherbiny Muhammad A, 2018, Medicines (Basel), V6, DOI 10.3390/medicines6010003
[4]  
Bartner LR, 2018, CAN J VET RES, V82, P178
[5]   Cannabidiol as a Potential Treatment for Anxiety Disorders [J].
Blessing, Esther M. ;
Steenkamp, Maria M. ;
Manzanares, Jorge ;
Marmar, Charles R. .
NEUROTHERAPEUTICS, 2015, 12 (04) :825-836
[6]   Cannabis sativa: A comprehensive ethnopharmacological review of a medicinal plant with a long history [J].
Bonini, Sara Anna ;
Premoli, Marika ;
Tambaro, Simone ;
Kumar, Amit ;
Maccarinelli, Giuseppina ;
Memo, Maurizio ;
Mastinu, Andrea .
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY, 2018, 227 :300-315
[7]   EFFECT OF CANNABIDIOL ON CYTOCHROME-P-450 ISOZYMES [J].
BORNHEIM, LM ;
CORREIA, MA .
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY, 1989, 38 (17) :2789-2794
[8]   Energy Requirements for Growth in the Norfolk Terrier [J].
Bradley, Sophie ;
Alexander, Janet ;
Haydock, Richard ;
Bakke, Anne Marie ;
Watson, Phillip .
ANIMALS, 2021, 11 (05)
[9]   Interpretation of liver enzymes [J].
Center, Sharon A. .
VETERINARY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA-SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE, 2007, 37 (02) :297-+
[10]   Effects of cannabidiol in the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease: An exploratory double-blind trial [J].
Chagas, Marcos Hortes N. ;
Zuardi, Antonio W. ;
Tumas, Vitor ;
Pena-Pereira, Marcio Alexandre ;
Sobreira, Emmanuelle T. ;
Bergamaschi, Mateus M. ;
dos Santos, Antonio Carlos ;
Teixeira, Antonio Lucio ;
Hallak, Jaime E. C. ;
Crippa, Jose Alexandre S. .
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY, 2014, 28 (11) :1088-1092