Role of Vitamin D Receptor Activators in Peritoneal Dialysis

Chronic kidney disease (CKD), including patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD), is linked to an important increase in mortality risk. Within the new systemic term CKD-MBD, alterations in vitamin D metabolism are also included. Many adverse events have been associated with vitamin D deficiency or lack of vitamin D receptor (VDR) activation both in the general population and CKD patients, and these associations seem to be maintained in PD patients. Particularities of PD in vitamin D metabolism, calcium balance, low PTH levels and the high prevalence of adynamic bone disease are discussed. We also review the associations of clinical or survival benefits with vitamin D supplementation, VDR or selective VDR activation, although they are low-graded and most of them obtained from HD databases. Nevertheless, we think that the combined approach to secondary hyperparathyroidism seems also to be appropriate in PD patients, and vitamin D (native plus VDR or selective VDR activation) seem an important part of the required integral approach. The later may provide additional benefits but definitive prove is still lacking. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel