Examining Efficacy of "TAT-less" Delivery of a Peptide against the L-Type Calcium Channel in Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Increased calcium influx through the L-type Ca2+ channel or overexpression of the alpha subunit of the channel induces cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy results from increased oxidative stress and alterations in cell calcium levels following ischemia-reperfusion injury and is an independent risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality. We find that decreasing the movement of the auxiliary beta subunit with a peptide derived against the alpha-interacting domain (AID) of the channel attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury. We compared the efficacy of delivering the AID peptide using a trans-activator of transcription (TAT) sequence with that of the peptide complexed to multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles. The AID-tethered nanopartides perfused through the myocardium more diffusely and associated with cardiac myocytes more rapidly than the TAT-labeled peptide but had similar effects on Intracellular calcium levels. The AID-complexed nanopartides resulted in a similar reduction In release of creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase after ischemia-reperfusion to the TAT-labeled peptide. Since nanoparticle delivery also holds the potential for dual drug delivery, we conclude that AID-complexed nanoparticles may provide an effective platform for peptide delivery in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injuries.