Efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis

Objective: To clarify the efficacy and safety of fosphenytoin for seizures in children with benign convulsions and mild gastroenteritis. Methods: Using the mailing list of the Annual Zao Conference on Pediatric Neurology, we recruited patients who met the following criteria: (1) clinical diagnosis of benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis and (2) treatment with intravenous fosphenytoin. Benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis were defined as a condition of (a) seizures associated with gastroenteritis without electrolyte imbalance, hypoglycemia, or dehydration in patients (b) between 6 months and 3 years of age with (c) no preexisting neurological disorders, (d) no impaired consciousness, and (e) a body temperature less than 38.0 degrees C before and after the seizures. The efficacy of fosphenytoin was categorized as effective when cessation of seizures was achieved. Results: Data from 16 child patients were obtained (median age, 20 months). Seizures were completely controlled after the initial dose of fosphenytoin in 14 of 16 patients. The median loading dose of fosphenytoin was 22.5 mg/kg. In 10 patients, fosphenytoin was administered after other antiepileptic drugs such as diazepam and midazolam were used. Adverse effects of fosphenytoin, excessive sedation, or intravenous fluid incompatibility were not observed in any patients. Conclusion: Fosphenytoin is effective and well tolerated among children with benign convulsions with mild gastroenteritis. (C) 2015 The Japanese Society of Child Neurology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.