Beverage caffeine intakes in the US

Caffeine is one of the most researched food components, with the vast majority of dietary contributions coming from beverage consumption; however, there is little population-level data on caffeine intakes in the U.S. This study estimated the caffeine intakes of the U.S. population using a comprehensive beverage survey, the Kantar Worldpanel Beverage Consumption Panel. A nationally representative sample of 37,602 consumers (aged >= 2 years) of caffeinated beverages completed 7-day diaries which facilitated the development of a detailed database of caffeine values to assess intakes. Results showed that 85% of the U.S. population consumes at least one caffeinated beverage per day. The mean (+/- SE) daily caffeine intake from all beverages was 165 +/- 1 mg for all ages combined. Caffeine intake was highest in consumers aged 50-64 years (226 +/- 2 mg/day). The 90th percentile intake was 380 mg/day for all ages combined. Coffee was the primary contributor to caffeine intakes in all age groups. Carbonated soft drinks and tea provided a greater percentage of caffeine in the younger (<18 years) age groups. The percentage of energy drink consumers across all age groups was low (<= 10%). These data provide a current perspective on caffeinated beverage consumption patterns and caffeine intakes in the U.S. population. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.