Correlation between the CD4+CD25high Regulatory T cells and the Outcome of Chemotherapy in Advanced Esophageal Carcinoma

Background/Aims: In patients with esophageal carcinoma, local immune Suppression and the expression of soluble immunosuppressive factors have been observed. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the level of CD4+CD25(high) regulatory T (Treg) cell and the outcome of chemotherapy in advanced esophageal carcinoma. Methodology: Forty-eight cases of advanced esophageal carcinoma patients were enrolled from June 2006 to December 2008. CD3+CD8+ T cell, CD3+CD4 T cell, CD4+CD25+ Treg cell and NK cell were determined before and after chemotherapy. After two cycles of chemotherapy, its effect was evaluated and the survival time was followed-up. Results: Significant downregulation of CD4+CD25(high) Treg cell was noted in the advanced esophageal carcinoma patients after chemotherapy (p<0.05). However, there were no obvious differences in the CD3+CD8+ T cell, CD3+CD4+ T cell and NK cell before and after chemotherapy (p>0.05). Log-rank test showed age and the decrease of CD4+CD25(high) Treg cell after chemotherapy correlated with the median survival time (p<0.05). The COX multivariate analysis also suggested that the decrease of CD4+CD25(high) Treg cell after chemotherapy was an independent prognostic factor (p<0.05). Conclusions: Our results suggest that the downregulation of CD4+CD25(high) Treg cell after chemotherapy may be a predictor for the outcome of chemotherapy in advanced esophageal carcinoma patients.