Barriers and facilitating factors for disease self-management: a qualitative analysis of perceptions of patients receiving care for type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension in San Jose, Costa Rica and Tuxtla Gutierrez, Mexico

被引:59
作者
Fort, Meredith P. [1 ]
Alvarado-Molina, Nadia [1 ,2 ]
Pena, Liz [1 ,3 ]
Mendoza Montano, Carlos [1 ]
Murrillo, Sandra [1 ]
Martinez, Homero [1 ,4 ,5 ]
机构
[1] Comprehens Ctr Prevent Chron Dis CIIPEC, Inst Nutr Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala
[2] Univ Costa Rica, Sch Nutr, San Jose, Costa Rica
[3] Univ Arts & Sci Chiapas, Sch Nutr, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico
[4] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA
[5] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico
基金
美国国家卫生研究院;
关键词
Cardiovascular health; Trans-theoretical model; Health promotion; Primary care; LOW-INCOME; HEALTH; BURDEN; ADULTS; TRANSITION; COUNTRIES;
D O I
10.1186/1471-2296-14-131
中图分类号
R1 [预防医学、卫生学];
学科分类号
1004 ; 120402 ;
摘要
Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease is growing in the Mesoamerican region. Patients' disease self-management is an important contributor to control of cardiovascular disease. Few studies have explored factors that facilitate and inhibit disease self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in urban settings in the region. This article presents patients' perceptions of barriers and facilitating factors to disease self-management, and offers considerations for health care professionals in how to support them. Methods: In 2011, 12 focus groups were conducted with a total of 70 adults with type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension who attended urban public health centers in San Jose, Costa Rica and Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas, Mexico. Focus group discussions were transcribed and coded using a content analysis approach to identify themes. Themes were organized using the trans-theoretical model, and other themes that transcend the individual level were also considered. Results: Patients were at different stages in their readiness-to-change, and barriers and facilitating factors are presented for each stage. Barriers to disease self-management included: not accepting the disease, lack of information about symptoms, vertical communication between providers and patients, difficulty negotiating work and health care commitments, perception of healthy food as expensive or not filling, difficulty adhering to treatment and weight loss plans, additional health complications, and health care becoming monotonous. Factors facilitating disease self-management included: a family member's positive experience, sense of urgency, accessible health care services and guidance from providers, inclusive communication, and family and community support. Financial difficulty, gender roles, differences by disease type, faith, and implications for families and their support were identified as cross-cutting themes that may add an additional layer of complexity to disease management at any stage. These factors also relate to the broader family and societal context in which patients live. Conclusions: People living with type 2 diabetes and hypertension present different barriers and facilitating factors for disease self-management, in part based on their readiness-to-change and also due to the broader context in which they live. Primary care providers can work with individuals to support self-management taking into consideration these different factors and the unique situation of each patient.
引用
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页数:9
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