Object-oriented numerical integration - a template scheme for FEM and BEM applications

An object-oriented numerical integration template implementation is presented on the basis of the C + + programming language. Aiming its straightforward application in finite and boundary element methods, the design supports integrand objects of scalar, vector or matrix types, so that a single programming statement is able to integrate element matrices and vectors. The integrand can contain singularities like the ones typically found in boundary element methods, allowing the evaluation of both regular and singular integrals under the same programming structure. The use of the proposed design is illustrated through sonic elementary applications as well as finite element and boundary element code excerpts. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.