X-ray irradiation induced effects on the chemical and electronic properties of MoO3 thin films

被引:23
作者
Liao, X. [1 ]
Jeong, A. R. [1 ]
Wilks, R. G. [1 ,2 ]
Wiesner, S. [1 ]
Rusu, M. [1 ]
Baer, M. [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Renewable Energy, Hahn Meitner Platz 1, D-14109 Berlin, Germany
[2] Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin Mat & Energie GmbH, Energy Mat In Situ Lab Berlin EMIL, Albert Einstein Str 15, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
[3] Brandenburg Tech Univ Cottbus Senftenberg, Inst Chem & Phys, Pl Deutsch Einheit 1, D-03046 Cottbus, Germany
关键词
MoO3 thin films; Electronic and chemical structure; Beam damage; X-ray and UV photoelectron spectroscopy; MOLYBDENUM OXIDES; WORK FUNCTION; OXYGEN VACANCIES; GAP STATES; REDUCTION; CATALYSTS; SURFACE; XPS; WO3; PHOTOCHROMISM;
D O I
10.1016/j.elspec.2016.08.004
中图分类号
O433 [光谱学];
学科分类号
0703 ; 070302 ;
摘要
The time and photon-flux dependent x-ray irradiation induced effects on the chemical and electronic properties of MoO3 thin films have been systematically investigated by ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). After exposure to Mg K alpha, x-ray irradiation of different photon flux (realized by using different x-ray source powers: 30, 100, and 300W), the Mo 3d XPS spectra indicate a partial conversion of the Mo6+ states in MoO3 to Mo5+ states. The degree of reduction significantly depends on exposure time and x-ray source power (i.e., photon flux). To minimize x-ray irradiation induced effects on the collected data, a measurement time of 1-2 hat a low photon flux should not be exceeded. Related UPS analysis shows that no effects of UV irradiation can be detected and reveals the x-ray irradiation induced appearance of defect states above the valence band maximum (VBM). The intensity of these above-VBM states increases linearly inverse with the XPS derived Mo6+/(Mo5+ + Mo6+) ratio, suggesting an x-ray induced loss of oxygen as the common explanation for both effects. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
引用
收藏
页码:50 / 55
页数:6
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