Gunshot fatalities: Correlation between post-mortem multi-slice computed tomography and autopsy findings: A 30-months retrospective study

In this study we compared retrospectively the autopsy and the CT-scan findings in 47 gunshot victims (96 wounds) in order to assess the accuracy of the two methods in injury and ballistic diagnoses. Firing distance was determined in 46 wounds (47.9%). Firing range was determined by autopsy alone in 37 cases (80.5%) and by CT-scan alone in three cases (6.5%). In the six remaining cases (13%), autopsy and CT-scan reports concluded both to the same firing range. Entrance wounds were detected concordantly by both CT-scan and autopsy in 63 of the 91 penetrating wounds (69.2%). Exit wounds were present in 69 shots. They were concordantly detected by autopsy and CT-scan in 36 cases (52.2%). It was possible at CT imaging to determine the track of the bullet in up to 62 wounds (72.1%). CT-scan was superior to autopsy in determining two items: face fractures and pneumencephalon. CT scan was of limited value in demonstrating skull base fractures and contusions of the brain. There was good correspondence in demonstrating subarachnoid hemorrhage. CT-scan was accurate to demonstrate presence of gas, either in the pleural cavity (pneumothorax) or in the vessels' lumen (air embolism). Both autopsy and CT-scan were concordant in demonstrating thoracic well injuries, heart lacerations and intra thoracic hemorrhage. CT-scan was far below autopsy in detecting solid organs injuries except for kidneys. The present survey shows that CT-scan is second to none in demonstrating features as pneumencephalon, facial fractures, midline shifts, air embolism, pneumothorax, and pelvic bones fractures. It may contribute to determine the firing range in cases of contact-range and of intermediate range though the firing range assessment remains beyond post-mortem imaging possibilities, at least at the current state of knowledge. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.