The nested structural organization of the worldwide trade multi-layer network

被引:36
作者
Alves, Luiz G. A. [1 ]
Mangioni, Giuseppe [2 ]
Cingolani, Isabella [3 ]
Rodrigues, Francisco Aparecido [1 ,8 ,9 ]
Panzarasa, Pietro [4 ]
Moreno, Yamir [5 ,6 ,7 ]
机构
[1] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Math & Comp Sci, BR-13566590 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
[2] Univ Catania, Dipartimento Ingn Elettr Elettron & Informat, I-95125 Catania, Italy
[3] Imperial Coll London, Dept Surg & Canc, Big Data & Analyt Unit, London SW7 2AZ, England
[4] Queen Mary Univ London, Sch Business & Management, London E1 4NS, England
[5] Univ Zaragoza, Dept Theoret Phys, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
[6] Univ Zaragoza, Inst Biocomputat & Phys Complex Syst, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
[7] ISI Fdn, I-10126 Turin, Italy
[8] Univ Warwick, Math Inst, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England
[9] Univ Warwick, Ctr Complex Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England
基金
巴西圣保罗研究基金会;
关键词
ARCHITECTURE;
D O I
10.1038/s41598-019-39340-w
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Nestedness has traditionally been used to detect assembly patterns in meta-communities and networks of interacting species. Attempts have also been made to uncover nested structures in international trade, typically represented as bipartite networks in which connections can be established between countries (exporters or importers) and industries. A bipartite representation of trade, however, inevitably neglects transactions between industries. To fully capture the organization of the global value chain, we draw on the World Input-Output Database and construct a multi-layer network in which the nodes are the countries, the layers are the industries, and links can be established from sellers to buyers within and across industries. We define the buyers' and sellers' participation matrices in which the rows are the countries and the columns are all possible pairs of industries, and then compute nestedness based on buyers' and sellers' involvement in transactions between and within industries. Drawing on appropriate null models that preserve the countries' or layers' degree distributions in the original multi-layer network, we uncover variations of country-and transaction-based nestedness over time, and identify the countries and industries that most contributed to nestedness. We discuss the implications of our findings for the study of the international production network and other real-world systems.
引用
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页数:14
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