Osteoid osteoma is a benign skeletal neoplasm most frequently observed in young individuals. The tumor most commonly occurs in the femur, the tibia, and the phalanges; however, jaw lesions are very rare. Herein, we report a rare case of osteoid osteoma that presented in the mandible of a 20-year-old boy. This report also reviews the cases of osteoid osteomas of the jaws that have been reported in the English literature so far. (C) 2017 Association for Dental Sciences of the Republic of China. Publishing services by Elsevier B.V.