planets and satellites: atmospheres;
planets and satellites: composition;
planets and satellites: formation;
planets and satellites: general;
protoplanetary discs;
SOLAR-TYPE STARS;
MULTIPLE-PLANET SYSTEMS;
SURFACE-LAYER ACCRETION;
PROTOPLANETARY DISKS;
GJ;
1214B;
TRANSMISSION SPECTRUM;
HOT JUPITERS;
FORMING PLANETESIMALS;
TIDAL EVOLUTION;
HYDROGEN-RICH;
D O I:
10.1093/mnras/stt424
中图分类号:
P1 [天文学];
学科分类号:
0704 ;
摘要:
Close-in super-Earths, with radii R approximate to 2-5R(circle plus) and orbital periods P < 100 d, orbit more than half, and perhaps nearly all, Sun-like stars in the Universe. We use this omnipresent population to construct the minimum-mass extrasolar nebula (MMEN), the circumstellar disc of solar-composition solids and gas from which such planets formed, if they formed near their current locations and did not migrate. In a series of back-of-the-envelope calculations, we demonstrate how in situ formation in the MMEN is fast, efficient, and can reproduce many of the observed properties of close-in super-Earths, including their gas-to-rock fractions. Testable predictions are discussed.
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Lissauer, Jack J.
Ragozzine, Darin
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ragozzine, Darin
Fabrycky, Daniel C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Fabrycky, Daniel C.
Steffen, Jason H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Fermilab Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Steffen, Jason H.
Ford, Eric B.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Florida, Bryant Space Sci Ctr 211, Gainesville, FL 32611 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ford, Eric B.
Jenkins, Jon M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Jenkins, Jon M.
Shporer, Avi
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Shporer, Avi
Holman, Matthew J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Holman, Matthew J.
Rowe, Jason F.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Rowe, Jason F.
Quintana, Elisa V.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Quintana, Elisa V.
Batalha, Natalie M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Batalha, Natalie M.
Borucki, William J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Borucki, William J.
Bryson, Stephen T.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Bryson, Stephen T.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Carter, Joshua A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Carter, Joshua A.
Ciardi, David
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ciardi, David
Dunham, Edward W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Dunham, Edward W.
Fortney, Jonathan J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Fortney, Jonathan J.
Gautier, Thomas N., III
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Gautier, Thomas N., III
Howell, Steve B.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Howell, Steve B.
Koch, David G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Koch, David G.
Latham, David W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Latham, David W.
Marcy, Geoffrey W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Marcy, Geoffrey W.
Morehead, Robert C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Morehead, Robert C.
Sasselov, Dimitar
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Lissauer, Jack J.
Hubickyj, Olenka
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Hubickyj, Olenka
D'Angelo, Gennaro
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
D'Angelo, Gennaro
Bodenheimer, Peter
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Lissauer, Jack J.
Ragozzine, Darin
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ragozzine, Darin
Fabrycky, Daniel C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Fabrycky, Daniel C.
Steffen, Jason H.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Fermilab Ctr Particle Astrophys, Batavia, IL 60510 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Steffen, Jason H.
Ford, Eric B.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Florida, Bryant Space Sci Ctr 211, Gainesville, FL 32611 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ford, Eric B.
Jenkins, Jon M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Jenkins, Jon M.
Shporer, Avi
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Las Cumbres Observ Global Telescope Network, Santa Barbara, CA 93117 USA
Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Phys, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Shporer, Avi
Holman, Matthew J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Holman, Matthew J.
Rowe, Jason F.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Rowe, Jason F.
Quintana, Elisa V.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Quintana, Elisa V.
Batalha, Natalie M.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
San Jose State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, San Jose, CA 95192 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Batalha, Natalie M.
Borucki, William J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Borucki, William J.
Bryson, Stephen T.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Bryson, Stephen T.
Caldwell, Douglas A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Caldwell, Douglas A.
Carter, Joshua A.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Carter, Joshua A.
Ciardi, David
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Exoplanet Sci Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Ciardi, David
Dunham, Edward W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Lowell Observ, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Dunham, Edward W.
Fortney, Jonathan J.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Fortney, Jonathan J.
Gautier, Thomas N., III
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Gautier, Thomas N., III
Howell, Steve B.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Howell, Steve B.
Koch, David G.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Koch, David G.
Latham, David W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Latham, David W.
Marcy, Geoffrey W.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Astron, Berkeley, CA 94720 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Marcy, Geoffrey W.
Morehead, Robert C.
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Morehead, Robert C.
Sasselov, Dimitar
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Cambridge, MA 02138 USANASA, SETI Inst, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Lissauer, Jack J.
Hubickyj, Olenka
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
Hubickyj, Olenka
D'Angelo, Gennaro
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA
D'Angelo, Gennaro
Bodenheimer, Peter
论文数: 0引用数: 0
h-index: 0
机构:
Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Astron & Astrophys, UCO Lick Observ, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USANASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA