Fabrication of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped graphene nanoribbons with porous architecture for high-performance supercapacitors

Heteroatom co-doped carbon-based materials have been demonstrated to be an effective way to realize their new functions in electrode materials for energy storage devices. Herein, a novel strategy for synthesis of highly porous nitrogen-sulfur co-doped graphene nanoribbons (NS-GNRs) with enhanced active sites was developed. The highly porous NS-GNR channels provide efficient ion transport path for electrolyte ions, which enhances the overall conductivity and stability of the electrode materials by energising storage sites. The TEM and STEM-EDS analysis revealed that the NS-GNR materials exhibit uniform distribution of N and S heteroatoms into GNRs matrices. The NS-GNR electrode materials exhibited a high specific capacitance of 442 F g(-1) at 0.5 A g(-1), excellent rate capability and cycling performance with similar to 98.6% retention of the initial capacitance after 10,000 cycles. Most importantly, the fabricated symmetric supercapacitor device with a wide operating voltage window of similar to 1.8 V yield an excellent energy density of similar to 23.85 Wh kg(-1), high power density of similar to 8753 W kg(-1) and superior cycle life (97.9% capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles). Thus, these results exhibit a novel metal-free and low-cost design of electrode materials for high-performance energy storage devices. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.