Nanosilica-Toughened Epoxy Resins

Surface-modified silica nanoparticles are available as concentrates in epoxy resins in industrial quantities for nearly 20 years. Meanwhile, they are used in many epoxy resin formulations for various applications like fiber-reinforced composites, adhesives or electronic components; even in space vehicles like satellites. Some of the drawbacks of "classic" epoxy toughening using elastomers as a second phase, like lower modulus or a loss in strength can be compensated by using nanosilica together with such tougheners. Apparently, there exists a synergy as toughness and fatigue performance are increased significantly. This work intends to provide an overview regarding the possibilities of nanotoughening with silica, the industrial applications of such epoxy resin formulations and the most recent research results.