Differential working memory correlates for implicit sequence performance in young and older adults

被引:35
作者
Bo, Jin [1 ,2 ]
Jennett, S. [2 ]
Seidler, R. D. [2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Psychol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA
[2] Univ Michigan, Sch Kinesiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
[3] Univ Michigan, Dept Psychol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA
关键词
Implicit sequence learning; Serial reaction time (SRT); Visuospatial working memory; Verbal working memory; Aging; DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; AGE-DIFFERENCES; CAPACITY; EXPLICIT; ORGANIZATION; ACTIVATION; PREDICTS; BRAIN;
D O I
10.1007/s00221-012-3189-2
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Our recent work has revealed that visuospatial working memory (VSWM) relates to the rate of explicit motor sequence learning (Bo and Seidler in J Neurophysiol 101:3116-3125, 2009) and implicit sequence performance (Bo et al. in Exp Brain Res 214:73-81, 2011a) in young adults (YA). Although aging has a detrimental impact on many cognitive functions, including working memory, older adults (OA) still rely on their declining working memory resources in an effort to optimize explicit motor sequence learning. Here, we evaluated whether age-related differences in VSWM and/or verbal working memory (VWM) performance relates to implicit performance change in the serial reaction time (SRT) sequence task in OA. Participants performed two computerized working memory tasks adapted from change detection working memory assessments (Luck and Vogel in Nature 390:279-281, 1997), an implicit SRT task and several neuropsychological tests. We found that, although OA exhibited an overall reduction in both VSWM and VWM, both OA and YA showed similar performance in the implicit SRT task. Interestingly, while VSWM and VWM were significantly correlated with each other in YA, there was no correlation between these two working memory scores in OA. In YA, the rate of SRT performance change (exponential fit to the performance curve) was significantly correlated with both VSWM and VWM, while in contrast, OA's performance was only correlated with VWM, and not VSWM. These results demonstrate differential reliance on VSWM and VWM for SRT performance between YA and OA. OA may utilize VWM to maintain optimized performance of second-order conditional sequences.
引用
收藏
页码:467 / 477
页数:11
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