Measurement of Low Carbon Economy Efficiency with a Three-Stage Data Envelopment Analysis: A Comparison of the Largest Twenty CO2 Emitting Countries

被引:41
作者
Liu, Xiang [1 ]
Liu, Jia [2 ]
机构
[1] Wuhan Univ, Econ & Management Sch, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China
[2] Zhongnan Univ Econ & Law, Sch Informat & Safety Engn, Wuhan 430073, Peoples R China
基金
中国国家自然科学基金; 中国博士后科学基金;
关键词
efficiency; low carbon economy; data envelopment analysis; stochastic frontier approach; three-stage DEA; SLACKS-BASED MEASURE; ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; DEA; PERFORMANCE; EMISSIONS;
D O I
10.3390/ijerph13111116
中图分类号
X [环境科学、安全科学];
学科分类号
08 ; 0830 ;
摘要
This paper employs a three-stage approach to estimate low carbon economy efficiency in the largest twenty CO2 emitting countries from 2000 to 2012. The approach includes the following three stages: (1) use of a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model with undesirable output to estimate the low carbon economy efficiency and calculate the input and output slacks; (2) use of a stochastic frontier approach to eliminate the impacts of external environment variables on these slacks; (3) re-estimation of the efficiency with adjusted inputs and outputs to reflect the capacity of the government to develop a low carbon economy. The results indicate that the low carbon economy efficiency performances in these countries had worsened during the studied period. The performances in the third stage are larger than that in the first stage. Moreover, in general, low carbon economy efficiency in Annex I countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is better than that in Non-Annex I countries. However, the gap of the average efficiency score between Annex I and Non-Annex I countries in the first stage is smaller than that in the third stage. It implies that the external environment variables show greater influence on Non-Annex I countries than that on Annex I countries. These external environment variables should be taken into account in the transnational negotiation of the responsibility of promoting CO2 reductions. Most importantly, the developed countries (mostly in Annex I) should help the developing countries (mostly in Non-Annex I) to reduce carbon emission by opening or expanding the trade, such as encouraging the import and export of the energy-saving and sharing emission reduction technology.
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页数:14
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