Rapid and green synthesis of cadmium telluride quantum dots with low toxicity based on a plant-mediated approach after microwave and ultrasonic assisted extraction: Synthesis, characterization, biological potentials and comparison study

In this work, a quick, facile and efficient approach was presented for green synthesis of cadmium telluride quantum dots (CdTe QDs) based on an aqueous extract of the Ficus johannis plant. Two extraction methods involving microwave assisted extraction (MWAE; 90 and 270 w; 15 min) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (USAE; 15 min; 45 degrees C) were performed as eco-friendly, effective, green and fast techniques for the extract preparation of the fruit's plant. The as-prepared plant extracts were used as natural stabilizing precursors in the synthesis of CdTe QDs. The synthesized QDs were characterized using various techniques. The average particle size of the QDs from the X-ray diffraction patterns was calculated to be 1.2 nm. UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic studies show a wide absorption band from 400 to 425 nm and a maximum emission peak around 470 nm, which confirmed the successful synthesis of CdTe QDs via the applied synthetic method. After synthesis and characterization of the samples, the antimicrobial properties, genotoxicity, toxicity and antifungal activities of the as-prepared CdTe QDs were investigated. In addition, antioxidant properties of the samples (QDs and extracts), were evaluated by different antioxidant assays. The results indicate the significant antimicrobial activity of the extract and CdTe QDs samples, with negligible toxicity and genotoxicity impacts.