Strategy on coal consumption and GHGs emission analysis based on the LEAP model: a case study

This paper aims to determine the prediction of coal consumption, greenhouse gas (GHGs) emissions, and availability of single supply during the tenure of (2013-2035) with the help of Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System (LEAP) in Pakistan. Reference Scenario (REF) based setup is implemented on Pakistan's power expansion policies, and the one nonrenewable energy resource. The results concluded that local coal has a major impact on environmental disaster because CO(2)emissions with the use of local coal are more as compared to the reference and imported coal scenario. CO(2)emissions are estimated to be 348% during the study which is a huge volume in the more local (MRL) scenario as compared to the reference scenario. This would be a substantial escalation in emissions due to the addition of coal-fired power plants in the country. According to the more imported (MRI) scenario, CO(2)emissions were 230% lower than the reference scenario due to the better quality of exotic coal since the imported coal is bituminous that's why it has high carbon contents. Moreover, environmental organizations recommended that Pakistan's government should focus on the other alternative energy resources as a substitute for local coal because Pakistan's coal is the lignite with low carbon contents; hence, the government would well-thought-out the other resources in the future energy mix.