Cognitive effects of intramuscular ketamine and oral triazolam in healthy volunteers

被引:17
作者
Carter, Lawrence P. [1 ]
Kleykamp, Bethea A. [2 ]
Griffiths, Roland R. [3 ,4 ]
Mintzer, Miriam Z. [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA
[2] Hayes Inc, Lansdale, PA 19446 USA
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
[4] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurosci, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA
关键词
Ketamine; Triazolam; Cognitive; Memory; Psychomotor; Metacognition; DOSE-RESPONSE; SOURCE MEMORY; HUMANS; PSYCHOMOTOR; SCOPOLAMINE; LORAZEPAM; DISSOCIATION; AMPHETAMINE; RECOGNITION; PERFORMANCE;
D O I
10.1007/s00213-012-2883-x
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
Several studies have documented impairments in memory processes as a result of ketamine administration; however, few studies have compared the profile of cognitive effects of ketamine to other drugs. The aim of this study was to compare the cognitive effects of ketamine with those of triazolam in healthy volunteers. Doses of ketamine (0.2, 0.4 mg/kg intramuscular (i.m.)), triazolam (0.2, 0.4 mg/70 kg p.o.), and double-dummy placebos were administered to 20 volunteers under repeated measures, counterbalanced, double-blind conditions. Peak physiological, psychomotor, subjective, and cognitive effects were examined. Ketamine impaired balance when balance was assessed early in the task order, whereas triazolam impaired psychomotor coordination and divided attention irrespective of task order. Triazolam also tended to produce greater effects on working memory and episodic memory tasks than ketamine at doses that produced lower subjective effects and higher estimates of performance. Ketamine produces less cognitive impairment than triazolam at doses that produced greater subjective effects. Thus ketamine does not produce the underestimation of cognitive impairment typically seen with triazolam.
引用
收藏
页码:53 / 63
页数:11
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