Changes in optimism and pessimism in response to life events: Evidence from three large panel studies

被引：36

作者：

Chopik, William J. ^{[1
]}

Oh, Jeewon ^{[1
]}

Kim, Eric S. ^{[2
]}

Schwaba, Ted ^{[3
]}

Kraemer, Michael D. ^{[4
]}

Richter, David ^{[4
]}

Smith, Jacqui ^{[5
]}

机构：

[1] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA

[2] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada

[3] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA

[4] Free Univ Berlin, German Inst Econ Res, Berlin, Germany

[5] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY | 2020年 / 88卷

关键词：

Optimism; Lifespan development; Life events; Aging; Time perspective; Adult personality development; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DISPOSITIONAL OPTIMISM; OLD-AGE; PERSONALITY-DEVELOPMENT; LONGITUDINAL EVIDENCE; SELF-DETERMINATION; EXPLANATORY STYLE; PHYSICAL HEALTH; FIT INDEXES; HALF FULL;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103985

中图分类号：

B84 [心理学];

学科分类号：

04 ; 0402 ;

摘要：

Although individuals vary in how optimistic they are about the future, one assumption that researchers make is that optimism is sensitive to changes in life events and circumstances. We examined how optimism and pessimism changed across the lifespan and in response to life events in three large panel studies (combined N = 74,886). In the American and Dutch samples, we found that optimism increased across younger adulthood, plateaued in midlife, and then decreased in older adulthood. In the German sample, there were inconsistent results with respect to age differences and mean level changes in optimism. Associations between life events and changes in optimism/pessimism were inconsistent across samples. We discuss our results in the context of life events and lifespan development. (C) 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

引用

页数：14

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