The effectiveness of mentoring programs in corporate settings: A meta-analytical review of the literature

Many studies over the last 20-25 years have examined the benefits of mentoring for the protege and the organization. A review of these studies being published revealed that there is not only a lack of studies utilizing or reporting comparison group information but also a general lack of experimental research about mentoring. This quantitative meta-analytic review provides a critical analysis of the effectiveness of mentoring, with an emphasis on research designs that compared career outcomes of mentored individuals to non-mentored individuals. The overall mean effect size of mentoring was significant, indicating that mentoring does improve career outcomes for individuals. Individual career outcomes were analyzed and reported. Informal mentoring produced a larger and more significant effect on career outcomes than formal mentoring. There is a need for more research comparing proteges and non-proteges to determine if it is the receipt of mentoring or individual characteristics that leads to career success. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.