[1] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, 5706 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93016 USA
[2] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, GeoTrans Lab, 5706 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93016 USA
[3] Univ Connecticut, Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 261 Glenbrook Rd,Unit 3037, Storrs, CT 06269 USA