Lycorine hydrochloride selectively inhibits human ovarian cancer cell proliferation and tumor neovascularization with very low toxicity

Uncontrolled tumor cell proliferation and robust neovascularization are prominent features of aggressive ovarian cancers. Although great efforts in anti-ovarian cancer therapy have been made in the past 4 decades, the 5-year survival rates for ovarian cancer patients are still poor, and effective drugs to cure ovarian cancer patients are absent. In this study, we evaluated the anti-cancer effects of lycorine hydrochloride (LH), a novel anti-ovarian cancer agent, using the highly-invasive ovarian cancer cell line, Hey1B, as a model. Our data showed that LH effectively inhibited mitotic proliferation of Hey1B cells (half maximal inhibitory concentration = 1.2 mu M) with very low toxicity, resulting in cell cycle arrest at the G2/M transition through enhanced expression of the cell cycle inhibitor p21 and marked down-regulation of cyclin D3 expression. Moreover, LH suppressed both the formation of capillary-like tubes by Hey1B cells cultured in vitro and the ovarian cancer cell-dominant neovascularization in vivo when administered to Hey1B-xenotransplanted mice. LH also suppressed the expression of several key angiogenic genes, including VE-cadherin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Sema4D, and reduced Akt phosphorylation in Hey1B cells. These results suggest that LH selectively inhibits ovarian cancer cell proliferation and neovascularization and is a potential drug candidate for anti-ovarian cancer therapy. Crown Copyright (C) 2013 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.