Parameter Estimation and Beam Tracking in Integrated Sensing and Communication System

In this paper we investigate the uplink collaborative sensing in the mmWave MIMO integrated sensing and communication system. Since the vehicles periodically transmit pilot sequences to the road side unit (RSU) and the pilot sequences are a priori knowledge of the RSU, the RSU can perform collaborative sensing and parameter estimation for the vehicles. A two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) and estimating-signal-parameter-via-rotational-invariance-techniques (ESPRIT)-based scheme is proposed for parameter estimation in the RSU, where the FFT is used to estimate the distance and relative radial velocity, and the ESPRIT is used to estimate the angle-of-arrival and angle-of-departure of the channel line-of-sight path. Then these estimated parameters are exploited by an extended Kalman filtering model to achieve the efficient beam tracking. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme and show that it can save the estimation resources while ensuring the estimation accuracy.