Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasingly being recognized as a disease of elderly individuals. In recent years the definition and categorization of kidney disease has been standardized. There are concerns that this standardization has led to an increase in the number of older individuals labeled as having CKD. This article addresses the definitions of CKD, recently published revised CKD stages with risk stratifications, and limitations of using formulas to assess renal function in the elderly. Also discussed are management of common risk factors of progression CKD, nonrenal-related outcomes, prognosis of CKD in older individuals, and criteria for referral to nephrology.
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Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia, Gen Med & Primary Care, I-41124 Modena, ItalyUniv Hosp Modena, Nephrol Dialysis & Transplant Unit, I-41124 Modena, Italy
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Gannan Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Nephrol, Ganzhou, Peoples R ChinaGannan Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Nephrol, Ganzhou, Peoples R China
Yan, Zhipeng
Shao, Tingting
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Nanchang Univ, Affiliated Hosp 2, Dept Emergency, Nanchang, Peoples R ChinaGannan Med Univ, Affiliated Hosp 1, Dept Nephrol, Ganzhou, Peoples R China
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Univ Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USAUniv Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
Ouseph, R.
Hendricks, P.
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Vet Adm Med Ctr, Louisville, KY 40202 USAUniv Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
Hendricks, P.
Hollon, J. A.
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Univ Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USAUniv Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
Hollon, J. A.
Bhimani, B. D.
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Univ Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USAUniv Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
Bhimani, B. D.
Lederer, E. D.
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Univ Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA
Vet Adm Med Ctr, Louisville, KY 40202 USAUniv Louisville, Kidney Dis Program, Louisville, KY 40202 USA