Retinal pigment epithelium transplantation: concepts, challenges, and future prospects

被引:52
作者
Alexander, P. [1 ]
Thomson, H. A. J. [1 ]
Luff, A. J. [1 ]
Lotery, A. J. [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Southampton, Southampton Univ Hosp, Fac Med, Clin Neurosci Res Grp,Clin & Expt Sci, Southampton SO16 6YD, Hants, England
关键词
PLURIPOTENT STEM-CELLS; SEE VOL. 511; MACULAR DEGENERATION; PROLIFERATIVE VITREORETINOPATHY; RPE TRANSPLANTATION; VISUAL FUNCTIONS; MESSENGER-RNA; RCS RAT; PG; 112; TRANSLOCATION;
D O I
10.1038/eye.2015.89
中图分类号
R77 [眼科学];
学科分类号
100212 ;
摘要
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a single layer of cells that supports the light-sensitive photoreceptor cells that are essential for retinal function. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment, and the primary pathogenic mechanism is thought to arise in the RPE layer. RPE cell structure and function are well understood, the cells are readily sustainable in laboratory culture and, unlike other cell types within the retina, RPE cells do not require synaptic connections to perform their role. These factors, together with the relative ease of outer retinal imaging, make RPE cells an attractive target for cell transplantation compared with other cell types in the retina or central nervous system. Seminal experiments in rats with an inherited RPE dystrophy have demonstrated that RPE transplantation can prevent photoreceptor loss and maintain visual function. This review provides an update on the progress made so far on RPE transplantation in human eyes, outlines potential sources of donor cells, and describes the technical and surgical challenges faced by the transplanting surgeon. Recent advances in the understanding of pluripotent stem cells, combined with novel surgical instrumentation, hold considerable promise, and support the concept of RPE transplantation as a regenerative strategy in AMD.
引用
收藏
页码:992 / 1002
页数:11
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