Proactivizer: Transforming Existing Verification Tools into Efficient Solutions for Runtime Security Enforcement

Security verification plays a vital role in providing users the needed security assurance in many applications. However, applying existing verification tools for runtime security enforcement may suffer from a common limitation, i.e., causing significant delay to user requests. The key reason to this limitation is that these tools are not specifically designed for runtime enforcement, especially in a dynamic and large-scale environment like clouds. In this paper, we address this issue by proposing a proactive framework, namely, Proactivizer, to transform existing verification tools into efficient solutions for runtime security enforcement. Our main idea is to leverage existing verification tools as black boxes and to proactively trigger the verification process based on dependency relationships among the events. As a proof of concept, we apply Proactivizer to several existing verification tools and integrate it with OpenStack, a popular cloud platform. We perform extensive experiments in both simulated and real cloud environments and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of Proactivizer in reducing the response time significantly (e.g., within 9 ms to verify a cloud of 100,000 VMs and up to 99.9% reduction in response time).