Trypanosome resistance to human innate immunity: targeting Achilles' heel

被引：16
作者：
Stephens, Natalie A. [1 ]
Kieft, Rudo [1 ]
MacLeod, Annette [2 ]
Hajduk, Stephen L. [1 ]
机构：
[1] Univ Georgia, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA
[2] Univ Glasgow, Wellcome Trust Ctr Mol Parasitol, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow G61 1QH, Lanark, Scotland
来源：
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY | 2012年 / 28卷 / 12期
基金：
英国惠康基金;
关键词：
African trypanosomes; innate immunity; high density lipoproteins; haptoglobin; apolipoprotein L-1; haptoglobin related protein; serum resistance associated protein; trypanosome lytic factor; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN; HAPTOGLOBIN-RELATED PROTEIN; NORMAL HUMAN-SERUM; GAMBIENSE GROUP 1; LYTIC FACTOR; AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMES; BRUCEI-RHODESIENSE; TRYPANOLYTIC FACTOR; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR;
D O I：
10.1016/j.pt.2012.09.002
中图分类号：
R38 [医学寄生虫学]; Q [生物科学];
学科分类号：
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ; 100103 ;
摘要：
Trypanosome lytic factors (TLFs) are powerful, naturally occurring toxins in humans that provide sterile protection against infection by several African trypanosomes. These trypanocidal complexes predominantly enter the parasite by binding to the trypanosome haptoglobin/hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR), trafficking to the lysosome, causing membrane damage and, ultimately, cell lysis. Despite TLF-mediated immunity, the parasites that cause human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense and Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, have developed independent mechanisms of resistance to TLF killing. In this review we describe the parasite defenses that allow trypanosome infections of humans and discuss how targeting these apparent strengths of the parasite may reveal their Achilles' heel, leading to new approaches in the treatment of HAT.
引用
收藏
页码：539 / 545
页数：7
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