Where, When, and How: Context-Dependent Functions of RNA Methylation Writers, Readers, and Erasers

被引:1415
作者
Shi, Hailing [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Wei, Jiangbo [1 ,2 ,3 ]
He, Chuan [1 ,2 ,3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Chicago, Dept Chem, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 929 East 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[2] Univ Chicago, Inst Biophys Dynam, 929 East 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
[3] Univ Chicago, Howard Hughes Med Inst, 929 East 57th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA
关键词
MESSENGER-RNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEAR-RNA; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; M(6)A METHYLATION; LOCAL TRANSLATION; BINDING-PROTEIN; N6-METHYLADENOSINE; CELL; METHYLTRANSFERASE;
D O I
10.1016/j.molcel.2019.04.025
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
Cellular RNAs are naturally decorated with a variety of chemical modifications. The structural diversity of the modified nucleosides provides regulatory potential to sort groups of RNAs for organized metabolism and functions, thus affecting gene expression. Recent years have witnessed a burst of interest in and understanding of RNA modification biology, thanks to the emerging transcriptome-wide sequencing methods for mapping modified sites, highly sensitive mass spectrometry for precise modification detection and quantification. and extensive characterization of the modification "effectors," including enzymes ("writers" and "erasers") that alter the modification level and binding proteins ("readers") that recognize the chemical marks. However, challenges remain due to the vast heterogeneity in expression abundance of different RNA species, further complicated by divergent cell-type-specific and tissue-specific expression and localization of the effectors as well as modifications. In this review, we highlight recent progress in understanding the function of N-6-methyladenosine (m(6)A), the most abundant internal mark on eukaryotic mRNA, in light of the specific biological contexts of m(6)A effectors. We emphasize the importance of context for RNA modification regulation and function.
引用
收藏
页码:640 / 650
页数:11
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