Extraction Systems and Analytical Techniques for Food Phenolic Compounds: A Review

被引:46
作者
Lama-Munoz, Antonio [1 ]
Del Mar Contreras, Maria [2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Seville, Dept Cristalog Mineral & Quim Agr, C Prof Garcia Gonzalez 1, Seville 41012, Spain
[2] Univ Jaen, Dept Chem Environm & Mat Engn, Ctr Adv Studies Earth Sci Energy & Environm CEACT, Campus Lagunillas S-N, Jaen 23071, Spain
关键词
analysis; extraction; green technologies; mass spectrometry; phenolic compounds; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; VIRGIN OLIVE OILS; ULTRASOUND-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; SUPERCRITICAL-FLUID EXTRACTION; AQUEOUS 2-PHASE SYSTEM; ESI-QTOF-MS; BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY;
D O I
10.3390/foods11223671
中图分类号
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号
0832 ;
摘要
Phenolic compounds are highly valuable food components due to their potential utilisation as natural bioactive and antioxidant molecules for the food, cosmetic, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries. For this purpose, the development and optimisation of efficient extraction methods is crucial to obtain phenolic-rich extracts and, for some applications, free of interfering compounds. It should be accompanied with robust analytical tools that enable the standardisation of phenolic-rich extracts for industrial applications. New methodologies based on both novel extraction and/or analysis are also implemented to characterise and elucidate novel chemical structures and to face safety, pharmacology, and toxicity issues related to phenolic compounds at the molecular level. Moreover, in combination with multivariate analysis, the extraction and analysis of phenolic compounds offer tools for plant chemotyping, food traceability and marker selection in omics studies. Therefore, this study reviews extraction techniques applied to recover phenolic compounds from foods and agri-food by-products, including liquid-liquid extraction, solid-liquid extraction assisted by intensification technologies, solid-phase extraction, and combined methods. It also provides an overview of the characterisation techniques, including UV-Vis, infra-red, nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry and others used in minor applications such as Raman spectroscopy and ion mobility spectrometry, coupled or not to chromatography. Overall, a wide range of methodologies are now available, which can be applied individually and combined to provide complementary results in the roadmap around the study of phenolic compounds.
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页数:27
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